How to get backtick (`) and tilde (~) symbols in Ubuntu installed on Macbook Air with EU keyboard (instead of backslash (\) and pipe (|) symbols that show up by default):
1. Run
xev
and press the tilde key. Find the keycode assosiated with this key in the output.
2. Change or create file
~/.xmodmaprc
and add the following text to it:
keycode <keycode from xev output> = grave asciitilde
3. Run:
xmodmap ~/.xmodmaprc
The method is taken from here http://stackoverflow.com/questions/17757232/switch-tab-and-backtick-keys-ubuntu-linux